Posts Tagged ‘Hedge Funds’

Podcasting on Goldmans, Libdems and The Volcanic risk to Globalisation

If it’s just my dulcet tones and stuttering delivery you want to hear, go to about 9 minutes in.  But Dan Roberts and Ruth Sunderland are both excellent on some clearly very topical matters.

The Goldmans case is continuing to dominate the financial chatter.  I think questions of justice and the financial system as a whole will soon start to dominate those of the strict legality of the trade concerned; for example, Peston uses the case to asks ‘where do these hedge fund profits come from?’ In most cases, I would answer: by allocating capital in such a way that reflects underlying profitability better, or some such words.  But in this case we can see a machine funnelling from a seemingly ill-informed party to a well-informed party.   In my comments I wanted to draw attention to the irresponsibility of the buyer of these CDO’s, ACA management and the Germany buyer (I think IKB).    But ultimately, they were so bad at buying these things, it was not just they who paid for them.  Peston:

it wasn’t just deep-pocketed professional investors – banks and insurers – who were on the other side of the hedge funds’ bets. When the hedge funds picked up their winnings, it turned out that some of these banks and insurers didn’t have the moolah. And the bill landed on taxpayers’ doorstep.

A Guardian podcast is not the best place to find a defence of Goldman Sachs.  Dan points out that they too lost money on this deal, which is surely important.  And Brad DeLong reports the most interesting view of all here:

Perhaps the reason that Goldman Sachs is so outraged at being accused of playing the investors in Abacus by concealing from them material information–that John Paulson played a big role in selecting the portfolio–is that they are totally innocent. Perhaps they were not trying to play the investors in Abacus by handing them a sub-standard produc. Perhaps, instead, they were trying to play John Paulson–a man who showed up with irrational expectations, eager to make bad bets, and who would have lost heavily had not he struck it freakishly lucky …

Please read the whole thing

I’ve been there: at my old company, some people bet repeatedly on a stock market crash from 1996 to 2001, and mostly lost a lot of money.  Similarly on the housing market.  Taking the other side of such people – who afterwards tarted around their supposed prescience – was generally a good policy – and was certainly profitable as a business strategy. Choosing just that one time they made money and extrapolating is dangerous.

So the ethics of this transaction might turn out to be fine, but people still have a right to ask whether such exchanges should be controlled, taxed, or stopped in some way, because their full implications go far beyond the private bubble in which the deluded or cynical participants actually operate.  The bills, in particular, have landed elsewhere.

Finally on Goldmans, Lex has an interesting observation:

Goldman has even done shareholders a favour by sharing more of its revenues with them, rather than paying them out as compensation, which accounted for only 43 per cent of net revenues, down from 50 per cent a year earlier. This is Goldman’s lowest ever compensation ratio as a public company … Assuming Goldman’s bankers can soldier on with a lower share of revenues, this boosts shareholders’ returns while denting the political case against them. But it does raise the issues of whether its bankers needed to pay themselves so much before, and whether Goldman is benefiting from what is now, post-crisis, an oligopoly in mega-flow banking.

Obama prefers hedge funds to banks

Well, that at least is my initial take on a subject that ought to be dominating economic policymaking in the next few weeks: what to make of his banking reforms, described by the FT as a declaration of war on Wall Street.   They must be pretty full-on, if even Baseline Scenario seems to approve.

I have not had a real chance to go over all the proposals.  But the idea of not letting banks own hedge funds and private equity seems to have some merit.  Some people argue that in creating and selling on securitized instruments and derivatives (RMBS’s, CDO’s, etc) the banks were left with insufficient ‘skin in the game’.  Surely, on some important level, this was nonsense.  They were flayed alive, losing $ trillions: that is a lot of skin.

The textbook model for how securitization was meant to help improve financial stability imagines the banks as intermediaries, and the end users of these products being the entities with lots of capital and the right attitude to risk to take them on.  So, insurance and pension funds, for the less risky tranches; hedge funds and so forth for the riskier bits.  The Banks – with their essential role in intermediation, maturity transformation and transaction-handling – are then left much more immune to a fall in those asset prices.  Their assets are now liquid, unlike Banking 101 when they hold a bunch of mostly local, bespoke and untradeable loans to people for 20 years.

This model, beloved of Greenspan when he said financial innovation had made the system more robust, was not put in place.  Instead, the banks ended up holding on their trading books all or most of the nasty bits.  Or they sort-of owned hedge funds that did this, off-balance sheet, but with enough of a real or presumed obligation to stand behind them that when they went sour the risk belonged to the banks.

This was a banking crisis, not a financial market crisis.  If it had manifested itself through the collapse of non-banking assets held somewhere else – like, for the most part, the dot com crash – it would have had nothing like the same serious implications.

So stopping the banks having this dual role makes quite a lot of sense, on this interpretation. Whether they can make the separation without massive unintended consequences is another thing – particularly if, as EoC observes, this is driven by short-term politics.  How will the market making be distinguished from the position taking, for example? (see same link).  Will this mean a sudden loss of liquidity on exchanges?  The FT (see that link) suggests a move towards hedge funds instead:

However, some believe that would not last long, as traders regrouped outside banks and set up their own “prop shops”. Christian Katz, chief executive of SIX Swiss Exchange, and a former Goldman Sachs banker, says: “The net effect, longer term, could be neutral; it doesn’t have to be a collapse.” However, any immediate exit could benefit hedge funds and independently operated proprietary trading firms – including “high-frequency” trading firms.

The immediate conclusion from Obama choosing this route is that he prefers the hedge fund model to banks.  He has a good reason to: hedge funds are less leveraged, can collapse without systemic implications, and in fact do collapse; can allow private investors to share the extraordinary high returns that from time to time occur; and have a better aligned compensation model.  They also offer the sort of competition to banks that may drive down some of their oligopolistically high profits (see Philip Stephens).  What is not to like?

IN OTHER NEWS.  My hunch about the popularity of MyDavidCameron was right: it is more popular than griping Guido.  Now that I am no longer linked to (fair enough: I am not as rabidly anti-Tory as most of its albeit very funny content), I can discover just how few mates I have

Follow

Get every new post delivered to your Inbox.

Join 32 other followers